A gateway and a router are essentially the same. The term "default gateway" is used to mean the router on your LAN which has the responsibility of being the first point of contact for traffic to computers outside the LAN.
If your LAN has multiple routers, the router designated as a default gateway can notify your computer, using an ICMP redirect or other mechanism, of a more appropriate route for a given destination.
For example
https://serverfault.com/questions/262071/whats-the-difference-between-a-gateway-and-a-router
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